The Problem Structuring and Indicators Group for Modeling and Assessment (PSIGMA) ims to develop and apply methodologies to integrate formal models - generally quantitative - with qualitative contextual models, based on metacognitive maps. It is aligned with the English school's problem structuring methods, but differs in the following aspects:

The Complex Holographic Assessment of Paradoxical Problems (CHAP2) method developed and used by COPPE is a multi-methodology, because we understand that every complex problem requires a bifocal, qualitative and quantitative approach, without losing the perspective of the context and the concrete intervention.

It is based on the theory of paradoxes of complex systems (such as metacognition x self-deception), since it is not always possible to accommodate divergences, as the methods proposed by the English school, but rather to manage the polarities dialogically, keeping the convergences and divergences in perspective.

The group has worked mainly in the health sector, producing results recognized by several institutions, such as the Brazilian Beneficent Association for Rehabilitation (ABBR), Faculty of Dentistry at UFRJ, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (INTO), UFRJ University Hospital, TCU and World Bank. The projects for such institutions resulted in a reduction in manufacturing time, discussion of scenarios to reduce the loss of resources, presentation of diagnosis and proposals for intervention in the supply logistics processes, as well as the evaluation and recommendations about health performance in Brazil and in the world. In addition to working in health, the work in the education area stands out, with projects involving INEP and CAPES through analysis showing the inconsistency of the multilevel regression model and the correction of results for performance indicators.

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